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It is a private or institutional investment made into early-stage / start-up companies (new ventures). As defined, ventures involve risk (having uncertain outcome) in the expectation of a sizeable gain. Venture Capital is money invested in businesses that are small; or exist only as an initiative, but have huge potential to grow. The people who invest this money are called venture capitalists (VCs). The venture capital investment is made when a venture capitalist buys shares of such a company and becomes a financial partner in the business.
Venture Capital investment is also referred to risk capital or patient risk capital, as it includes the risk of losing the money if the venture doesn’t succeed and takes medium to long term period for the investments to fructify.
Venture Capital typically comes from institutional investors and high net worth individuals and is pooled together by dedicated investment firms.
It is the money provided by an outside investor to finance a new, growing, or troubled business. The venture capitalist provides the funding knowing that there’s a significant risk associated with the company’s future profits and cash flow. Capital is invested in exchange for an equity stake in the business rather than given as a loan.
Venture Capital is the most suitable option for funding a costly capital source for companies and most for businesses having large up-front capital requirements which have no other cheap alternatives. Software and other intellectual property are generally the most common cases whose value is unproven. That is why; Venture capital funding is most widespread in the fast-growing technology and biotechnology fields.
The venture capital funding process typically involves four phases in the company’s development:
The initial step in approaching a Venture Capital is to submit a business plan. The plan should include the below points:
There is detailed analysis done of the submitted plan, by the Venture Capital to decide whether to take up the project or no.
Once the preliminary study is done by the VC and they find the project as per their preferences, there is a one-to-one meeting that is called for discussing the project in detail. After the meeting the VC finally decides whether or not to move forward to the due diligence stage of the process.
The due diligence phase varies depending upon the nature of the business proposal. This process involves solving of queries related to customer references, product and business strategy evaluations, management interviews, and other such exchanges of information during this time period.
If the due diligence phase is satisfactory, the VC offers a term sheet, which is a non-binding document explaining the basic terms and conditions of the investment agreement. The term sheet is generally negotiable and must be agreed upon by all parties, after which on completion of legal documents and legal due diligence, funds are made available.
The various types of venture capital are classified as per their applications at various stages of a business. The three principal types of venture capital are early stage financing, expansion financing and acquisition/buyout financing.
The venture capital funding procedure gets complete in six stages of financing corresponding to the periods of a company’s development
Early stage financing has three sub divisions seed financing, start up financing and first stage financing.
Expansion financing may be categorized into second-stage financing, bridge financing and third stage financing or mezzanine financing.
Second-stage financing is provided to companies for the purpose of beginning their expansion. It is also known as mezzanine financing. It is provided for the purpose of assisting a particular company to expand in a major way. Bridge financing may be provided as a short term interest only finance option as well as a form of monetary assistance to companies that employ the Initial Public Offers as a major business strategy.
Acquisition or buyout financing is categorized into acquisition finance and management or leveraged buyout financing. Acquisition financing assists a company to acquire certain parts or an entire company. Management or leveraged buyout financing helps a particular management group to obtain a particular product of another company.
There are various exit options for Venture Capital to cash out their investment:
Venture Capital is a booming industry with high demand for finance professionals and analysts. Candidates who want to build a career in the Venture Capital industry need a specific skill set and hence specialized training in the finance segment. Candidates who want to start at an entry-level in the Venture Capital industry can learn the required skills through Financial Modeling. Financial Modeling trains students on various models that are used to track the performance of the company. These financial models are used to estimate and forecast other factors likes risk, growth rate, revenue, expense, etc.
For a full-fledged training as a Financial Analyst, a candidate needs to pursue a professional course in accounting or finance to acquire industry-relevant skills and learn the techniques used in the industry. Some of the courses that train the candidate on skills like financial analysis, risk-return models, etc are listed as below:
Courses for a Career in Venture Capital
To get more information on the course details like eligibility, duration, fees, etc, contact our career counselors.
Considering the high risk involved in the venture capital investments complimenting the high returns expected, one should do a thorough study of the project being considered, weighing the risk return ratio expected. One needs to do the homework both on the Venture Capital being targeted and on the business requirements.
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